Königstein Fortress is one of the largest mountain fortresses in Europe and is located in the middle of the Elbsandsteingebirge (Elbe Sandstone Mountains) on a table mountain above the left bank of the river Elbe. The ramparts of the fortress are 1800 metres long and have walls up to 42 metres high and steep walls. At 152.5 metres, one of the deepest castle wells is located in the centre of the complex.

The fortress played an important role in Saxony’s history, although less so through military events. The Saxon dukes and electors used the fortress primarily as a safe haven in times of war, but also as a feared state prison. Its actual military importance was rather minor. However, the fortress was never taken, it had too much of a deterrent reputation.